Reference guides
These guides set out, without unnecessary jargon, how the transactions we advise on are prepared and executed. They are written as working documents: we review them at regular intervals and display the last review date, because market practice moves faster than a dated article.
- M&A
Mergers & Acquisitions (M&A): The Complete Guide
What M&A actually is, how a transaction unfolds from first contact to closing, how companies are valued, and why most deals still fail to deliver — a data-backed guide.
17 min read·Last reviewed
- Venture Capital
Venture Capital (VC): The Complete Guide
What venture capital actually is, how funding rounds are structured stage by stage, why the power law dominates returns, and where the market stands in 2026.
14 min read·Last reviewed
- Private Equity
Private Equity (PE): The Complete Guide
What private equity actually is, how a leveraged buyout creates — or fails to create — value, where returns really come from, and what the 2026 data shows.
12 min read·Last reviewed
- Private Debt
Private Debt: The Complete Guide
What private debt actually is, how direct lending, unitranche and mezzanine differ, why the market passed $3 trillion, and what 2026’s stress signals mean for borrowers.
12 min read·Last reviewed
- Tokenization
Asset Tokenization: The Complete Guide
What asset tokenization actually is, how a structure is built step by step, how MiCA and the DLT Pilot Regime apply, and which asset classes have genuinely scaled by 2026.
16 min read·Last reviewed